ABSTRACT
Conclusion:
The study results show that ADHD affects children’s quality of life in all areas negatively. In this respect, the perceptions of quality of life of parents and adolescents were found to be consistent with each other. It is believed that patients with ADHD need multi-dimensional evaluation and support in the field of psychosocial health (emotional, school and social functioning) in the follow-up period.
Results:
Physical health summary score, psychosocial health summary score (PHSS), and total scale score (TSS) of the PedsQL filled in both patients and parents were significantly lower in the ADHD group than the control group (p<0.001). A statistically significant correlation was found between PHSS and TSS in terms of the scores of PedsQL filled in by children and parents in the ADHD group.
Materials and Methods:
Sixty-three ADHD and 32 controls were included in the study. For psychiatric diagnosis, “Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime - Turkish Version” was applied to all patients. “Child Behavior Checklist” and ADHD Scale were applied to parents and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) was applied to patients and parents.
Objectives:
This study aims to evaluate the quality of life of children and adolescents diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and to compare the quality of life perceptions of patients and parents.
References
1WHO World Health Organisation Constitution. World Health Organisation, Geneva; 1947.
2Pliszka S; AACAP Work Group on Quality Issues. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007;46:894-921.
3Yurteri Çetin N, Akay A. Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Tanılı Çocuklarda Yaşam Kalitesi: Bir Gözden Geçirme. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi. 2014;21:139-152.
4Schachar R, Tannock R. Chapter 25: Syndromes of Hyperactivity and Attention De- ficit. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Textbook, 4th ed. In: Rutter M, Taylor EA, (eds). Malden, Mass.; Oxford: Blackwell Science; 2002:399-400.
5Danckaerts M, Sonuga-Barke EJ, Banaschewski T, Buitelaar J, Döpfner M, Hollis C, Santosh P, Rothenberger A, Sergeant J, Steinhausen HC, Taylor E, Zuddas A, Coghill D. The Quality of Life of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010;19:83-105.
6Landgraf JM, Rich M, Rappaport L. Measuring quality of life in children with Atten- tion-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and their families: development and evaluation of a new tool. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2002;156:384-391.
7Graetz BW, Sawyer MG, Hazell PL, Arney F, Baghurst P. Validity of DSM-IVADHD subtypes in a nationally representative sample of Australian children and adolescents. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40:1410-1417.
8Sawyer MG, Whaites L, Rey JM, Hazell PL, Graetz BW, Baghurst P. Health related quality of life of children and adolescents with mental disorders. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2002;41:530-537.
9Bastiaansen D, Koot HM, Ferdinand RF, Verhulst FC. Quality of life in children with psychiatric disorders; self-, parent, and clinician report. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004;43:221-230.
10Topolski TD, Edwards TC, Patrick DL, Varley P, Way ME, Buesching DP. Quality of life of adolescent males with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. J Atten Disord. 2004;7:163-173.
11Matza LS, Swensen AR, Flood EM, Secnik K, Leidy NK. Assesment of Health-Related Quality of Life in Children: A review of conceptual, metodolological and regulatory issues. Value Health. 2004;7:79-92.
12Escobar R, Soutullo CA, Hervas A, Gastaminza X, Polavieja P, Gilaberte I. Worse quality of life for children with newly diagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, compared with asthmatic and healthy children. Pediatrics. 2005;116:364-369.
13Newcorn JH, Spencer TJ, Biederman J, Milton DR, Michelson D. Atomoxetine treatment in children and adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and comorbid Oppositional Defi- ant Disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005;44:240-248.
14Hampel P, Desman C. Coping and quality of life among children and adolescents with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2006;55:425-443.
15Riley AW, Spiel G, Coghill D, Döpfner M, Falissard B, Lorenzo MJ, Preuss U, Ralston SJ; ADORE Study Group. Factors related to Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) among children with ADHD in Europe at entry into treatment. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006;15(Suppl 1):38-45.
16Varni JW, Seid M, Rode CA. The PedsQL: measurement model for the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Med Care. 1999;37:126-139.
17Hakkaart-van Roijen L, Zwirs BW, Bouwmans C, Tan SS, Schulpen TW, Vlasveld L, Buitelaar JK. Societal costs and quality of life of children suffering from Attention Deficient Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2007;16:316-326.
18Yıldız Ö, Cakın Memik N, Agaoglu B. Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Tanılı Çocuklarda Yaşam Kalitesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma. Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi. 2010;47:314-318.
19Klassen AF, Miller A, Fine S. Health-related quality of life in children and adolescents who have a diagnosis of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Pediatrics. 2004;114:541-547.
20Klassen AF, Miller A, Fine S. Agreement between parent and child report of quality of life in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Child Care Health Dev. 2006;32:397-406.
21Üneri Ö, Çakın Memik N. Çocuklarda Yaşam Kalitesi Kavramı ve Yaşam Kalitesi Öl- çeklerinin Gözden Geçirilmesi. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi. 2007;14:48-56.
22Kaufman J, Birmaher B, Brent D, Rao U, Flynn C, Moreci P, Williamson D, Ryan N. Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for schoolage children-present and lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): Initial reliability and validity data. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36:980-988.
23Gökler B, Ünal F, Pehlivantürk B, Kültür EÇ, Akdemir D, Taner Y. Okul çağı çocukları için duygulanım bozuklukları ve şizofreni görüşme çizelgesi-şimdi ve yaşam boyu şekli- Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi. 2004;11: 109-116.
24Turgay A. Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Yıkıcı Davranış Bozuklukları için DSM IV’e Dayalı Tarama ve Değerlendirme Ölçeği. Integrative Therapy Institute Toronto, Kanada; 1995.
25Ercan ES, Amado S, Somer O, Çıkoğlu S. Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu ve Yıkıcı Davranım Bozuklukları İçin Bir Test Bataryası Geliştirme Çabası. Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi. 2001;8:132-144.
26Achenbach, T. M., Edelbrock, C. (1983) Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist/ 4-18 and Revised Child Behavior Profile. University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry, Burlington VT.
27Erol N, Arslan LB, Akçakın M. The adaptation and standardization of the Child Behavior Checklist among 6-18 years old Turkish Children. European Approaches to hiperkinetic disorders Zurich, Fotorotor, Egg: 1995:109-113.
28Memik NÇ, Ağaoğlu B, Coşkun A, Karakaya I. The validity and reliability of Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory in 8-12 year old Turkish children. Turk J Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2008;15:87-98.
29Ohan JL, Johnston C. Are the performance overestimates given by boys with ADHD self- protective? J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2002;31:230-241.
