Çocuk ve Ergenlerin Alkol ve Madde Kullanımında Psikososyal, Nörobiyolojik ve Ailesel Etkenler

Ceren Şenyüz; İrem Bayramoğlu Erden

doi:10.4274/tjcamh.galenos.2021.72681

Çocuk ve Ergenlerin Alkol ve Madde Kullanımında Psikososyal, Nörobiyolojik ve Ailesel Etkenler

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Derleme

Çocuk ve Ergenlerin Alkol ve Madde Kullanımında Psikososyal, Nörobiyolojik ve Ailesel Etkenler

Turk J Child Adolesc Ment Health 2022;29(2):53-59 DOI: 10.4274/tjcamh.galenos.2021.72681

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İzin

Öz

Günümüzdeki çalışmalara bakıldığında alkol ve madde kullanımına başlama yaşı ilkokul çağına kadar düşmüştür. Çocuk ve ergenlerin alkol ve madde kullanmaya başlamalarında birçok etken rol oynamaktadır. Özellikle akran ilişkileri, eşlik eden ruhsal sorunların varlığı, sosyoekonomik düzeyler, ebeveynlerin kendi aralarındaki ilişkisi ve çocuk ve ergenlerin ebeveynleri ile ilişkisi alkol ve madde kullanım bozukluğunun gelişmesi için risk faktörleri olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu derlemede, çocuk ve ergenlerin alkol ve madde bağımlılıklarında rol oynayan psikososyal ve nörobiyolojik etkiler gözden geçirilmiştir. Çocuk ve ergenlerin bağımlılık risk faktörleri ve koruyucu faktörleri güncel çalışmaların sonuçları kaynak gösterilerek tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Bağımlılık, alkol, madde, çocuk, ergen, aile, nörobiyoloji

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