Öz
Amaç:
Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), çocukluk çağı psikiyatrik bozuklukları arasında en sık görülen; dikkatsizlik, hiperaktivite ve dürtüsellik belirtileriyle karakterize nörogelişimsel bir bozukluktur. Tedavi seçenekleri medikal tedavi, psikoterapi ve psikososyal tedavileri içermelidir. Birçok çalışma sporun dikkat üzerine olumlu bir etkisi olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışma, futbolun olası DEHB psikopatolojisini iyileştirip iyileştirmeyeceğini ve çeldiricilerin olumsuz etkisini azaltıp azaltmayacağını değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Gereç ve Yöntem:
Türkiye’nin küçük bir şehrindeki bir spor okulundan 147 çocuk bu tanımlayıcı çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. MOXO d-CPT (bilgisayar tabanlı sürekli performans testi) tüm çocuklara uygulanmıştır. Sosyo-demografik veri formu, yönetici işlevlere yönelik davranış değerlendirme envanteri ve Conner’s anne-baba derecelendirme ölçeği ebeveynler tarafından doldurulmuştur.
Bulgular:
MOXO d-CPT sonuçlarına göre olası psikopatoloji olan ve olmayan gruplar arasında spor süresi açısından anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Fakat MOXO d-CPT’ye göre olası psikopatolojisi olan veya düşük performans gösteren çocuklarda, spor süresi ve dikkat Z skoru, zamanlama Z skoru ve dürtüsellik Z skoru arasında negatif bir korelasyon bulunmuştur. Ayrıca MOXO d-CPT testinde olası psikopatoloji şiddeti 4 olan grupta spor süresi ortanca değeri 6,03 ay; olası psikopatoloji şiddeti 1-2-3 olan grupta 8,06 ay olarak bulunmuştur. Yani spor süresi arttıkça olası psikopatoloji şiddeti azalmaktadır. Ayrıca MOXO d-CPT testinde görsel ve/veya işitsel çeldiriciler ile olan puan kaybı ile spor süresi arasında negatif orta düzeyli bir korelasyon bulunmuştur.
Sonuç:
Bulgular göstermiştir ki, bir grup oyunu olan futbol, olası psikopatolojiyi iyileştirmekte veya şiddetini azaltmaktadır ve görsel/işitsel çeldiricilerin MOXO d-CPT parametreleri üzerindeki olumsuz etkisini azaltmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu, çocuk, d-CPT, spor, Türkiye
Kaynakça
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