Öz
Amaç
Deprem sonrası konteyner yerleşimlerinde yaşayan ve yüksek psikososyal risk altındaki ailelerde Parents Plus Erken Yaşlar (PPEY) programının ebeveyn stresi, aile işlevselliği ve çocukların duygusal-davranışsal sonuçları üzerindeki etkisi değerlendirilmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Bu çalışma, Elazığ’da deprem sonrası konteyner yerleşimlerinde yaşayan 3-6 yaş arası çocuğa sahip ebeveynlerde tek gruplu ön test-son test tasarımında yürütülmüştür. Programa katılan ve değerlendirme sürecini tamamlayan 21 ebeveyn analize dahil edilmiştir. Müdahale, başlangıç ve son değerlendirme süreçlerini de kapsayan 15 haftalık bir dönem içinde haftalık olarak yürütülen dokuz oturumdan oluşmaktadır. Veri toplama araçları olarak güçler ve güçlükler anketi, ebeveyn stres ölçeği ve aile değerlendirme ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Ön test ve son test ölçümleri arasındaki farklar eşleştirilmiş örneklem t-testi ile analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular
Müdahale sonrasında ebeveyn stresinin hem çocuk hem ebeveyn alanına ait tüm alt ölçeklerde ve toplam puanlarda anlamlı düzeyde azaldığı saptanmıştır (tüm p<0,001). Aile işlevselliğinin tüm boyutlarında anlamlı iyileşmeler gözlenmiştir (tüm p<0,001). Dikkat eksikliği/hiperaktivite, davranış sorunları, duygusal belirtiler ve akran sorunlarına ilişkin puanlar anlamlı düzeyde azalırken (tüm p<0,001), prososyal davranış puanlarında anlamlı artış saptanmıştır (p=0,001).
Sonuç
PPEY programına katılımın, yüksek riskli afet sonrası koşullarda ebeveyn stresi, aile işlevselliği ve çocukların duygusal ve davranışsal sonuçlarında anlamlı ve çok boyutlu değişimlerle ilişkili olduğu görülmüştür. Bu bulgular, afetlerden etkilenen aileler için yapılandırılmış ve kanıta dayalı ebeveynlik müdahalelerinin önemini vurgulamaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Deprem, ebeveynlik, ebeveyn eğitimi, aile işlevselliği, ebeveyn stresi, çocuk davranışı, erken çocukluk
Kaynakça
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