Abstract
Objective:
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders. Children and adolescents with ASD suffer from sleep problems, particularly insomnia, at a higher rate than typically developing children, ranging from 40% to 80%. Sleep disorders have a signifi cant effect on daytime activities and quality life of the family. This review aimed to evaluate and discuss the prevalence, course, possible etiology and treatment of sleep problems in ASD.
Method:
In this paper, articles were searched from national and international databases to review theoretical knowledge related to sleep problems in ASD.
Results:
Sleep problems in ASD might occur as a result of complex interactions between biological, psychological, social/environmental, and family factors, including child rearing practices. The cornerstone of treatment should target the cause. . If behavioral interventions are not effective enough, pharmacological treatment options should be considered.
Discussion:
Clinicians should be aware of the fact that recognition and treatment of these neglected issues may improve the function and outcome of children with ASD.
Keywords: Sleep problems, autism spectrum disorder, child and adolescent
